After a Senior Employee Departs: Preserving Digital Evidence Across Cloud, Collaboration and BYOD

When a senior employee leaves for a competitor, the first question is often whether confidential information was copied. The more immediate question is narrower and more important: what evidence may disappear before that question can be examined properly? Audit records may have limited retention. Cloud activity can continue after departure. A personal device may contain […]
What Non-Native Digital Artefacts Can—and Cannot—Establish

Screenshots, forwarded messages, PDFs, copied files and platform downloads often arrive in a case before the original device, native file or complete metadata is available. They may appear clear and persuasive. The practical question is what the artefact can reliably establish, what it cannot establish on its own, and what further acquisition or corroboration may […]
What is an expert report?

The expert report is an official document with a technical-scientific basis through which the official/judicial expert reports, in writing, the method used, the results obtained, and the conclusions reached in the expert examination; that is, it is the expression of the special knowledge inherent to the forensic scientist after carrying out investigations and expert examinations.